John Ruskin was the leading English art critic of the Victorian era, as well as an art patron, draughtsman, watercolourist, a prominent social thinker and philanthropist.
Goal-directed activity is teleological in nature and nothing more than an algorithm of fixed outcome potentials. Action plays a part but it's biological and is only now being brought to the precipice of our cultural perception with planksip as the propagator.
Skeptics and 'whoas-me' personalities are tiresome and self-defeating. Arete is mountain top and perfected virtue, getting there is up to you. Talk about overcoming your own 'Mountains of Madness' and taking on personal responsibility.